Perak's Traditional Handicrafts

The State of Perak in Malaysia is known as thepandan are considered more superior to that
"Silver State" as it was once rich in tin, which haswoven from mengkuang as the former is more
a silvery sheen. Today, the State is morepliable. The leaves, either pandan or mengkuang,
renowned for its traditional handicrafts rather thanare prepared for weaving by cutting them at
the vestiges of its tin-mining industry. The villagesboth ends. The spine and thorns are stripped
of Enggor, Kampung Berala, Kampong Padangfrom the leaves, which are then sorted into sets
Changkat, Sayong and Kampong Kepala Bendangof equal lengths.
are among the main centres for handicraftsSometimes, mengkuang leaves are lightly pounded
production, especially the famous labu sayong,with a club to soften them. They are then soaked
anyaman tikar and tekat.in water for two days and dried in the shade.
Labu sayong is a generic name for water pitchersOnce dry, the leaves are divided into two
produced in the village of Sayong, just outsideportions. One portion is meant to be used in its
Kuala Kangsar. Shiny and black, thesenatural colour while the other is soaked in dye
gourd-shaped bottles have variations in form. Athat has been boiled in water. Purple and dark blue
labu tanah is based after the bottle gourd, while aare standard colours though more vibrant colours
labu pucung has a long cylindrical neck similar tosuch as yellow and pink are also gaining popularity.
that of a heron's that is commonly found in paddyAfter being immersed for one hour, the leaves
fields. The labu gelugor takes its name from theare removed and allowed to dry. What follows is
assam gelugor which is a yellow-orange flutedthe smoothening of the leaves using a bamboo or
citrus fruit that is used as seasoning in curries.wooden smoother.
This particular water pitcher has bulges around itsThe weaving process can now begin, and a
body. The labu panai has ribs all round, eithervariety of techniques is used to produce plaits of
vertically or horizontally. Neolithic Age potshredsdifferent patterns that are named after plants
found in Lenggong, Perak indicate that the makingand animals such as bamboo shoot, durian flower,
of labu is an ancient art that has been refinedclove flower, flying fox's elbow, tiger's paw,
through time.cockroach's wing and sandpiper's claw. It takes
The making of labu is predominantly the domainabout ten to fifteen days to complete a mat,
of womenfolk. The first step in making this typedepending on its size and the skill of the weaver.
of water pitcher is the collection of clay from aThe weaving of pandan and mengkuang leaves
river bank. In days of yore, a menstruatingnot only produces mats but baskets, food
woman was disallowed to do this task or even becovers, wallets, fans, boxes and hats - serving
in the vicinity while the clay was being collected.both functional and decorative purposes.
The clay is dried in the sun, and a mortar andUnique to Perak, tekat is a Malay art form with a
pestle worked by foot is used to pound it so thatunique identity. It is a type of gold embroidery
it is free of air pockets. It is then sieved toproduced by stitching gold thread over card
remove coarse materials, and shaped into atemplates to create raised relief on velvet.
cylinder using a mould for easy handling.Common colours of the velvet are green, blue
The process of shaping the clay begins by coilingand red. The contrast of gold over the velvet
a cylindrical piece from end to end, forming aproduces a delicate handiwork that is high in visual
circle. The potter's wheel is then spun and the claybeauty. The motifs used are inspired by plants
pinched with the thumb and forefinger so that itand flowers such as cempaka flower, jasmine and
rises vertically. Skill and control are required towater-lettuce leaves. Spangles are also sometimes
shape the body, neck and head. A bambooused to achieve special effects. Tekat pieces are
spatula is used to shave off excess clay while atraditionally used on pillow cases, cushion covers,
small, wooden paddle is used to shape and firmbetel nut boxes and slippers.
the body. Finally, a flat piece of clay attached toTo keep with changing times, applications of tekat
the body becomes its foot. The pitcher is nownow include handbags, table cloth, decorative wall
decorated with motifs and smoothened withpanels and prayer mats. In Perak weddings, the
pebbles. It is then placed inverted in a kiln. Afteruse of tekat is mandatory. Bukit Chandan, a
firing for four hours, it is removed and buried invillage near Istana Iskandariah, the sultan's palace,
paddy chaff, which imparts a black sheen to it. Ais believed to the birthplace of tekat. In the olden
coat of resin is applied to its foot to make itdays, mothers passed the techniques to their
waterproof.daughters who were required to create their own
Another popular traditional handicraft is thetekat pieces to be paraded at their weddings.
weaving of mats from pandan (pandanus) andThough machined tekat is now available, it is the
mengkuang (screwpine) leaves. Mats woven fromhand-stitched designs that are highly treasured.